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With the fall of the Cold War, the subsequent advancement of the liberal world order and the expansion of neo-liberal political economy across political regimes was legitimised by Western diplomatic actors with stability narratives. The eastwards expansion of polities such as the European Union and the NATO; the reconfigurations of relationships between state and non-state actors, the emergence of international regimes (e.g. climate change agreements); the fourth wave of democratisation – all of which begun shifts in global power politics that gradually led to the outbreak of political upheavals and proxy wars.
In addition, the expansion of globalism, including the rapid development of digital media technologies, augmented these transformations, and consequently blurred the boundaries and transcend borders, as well as have had profound effects on citizens globally. The accessibility of information, normalisation of digital media technologies in international politics, the growing citizens’ engagement with foreign policy issues have also altered the international communication flows: the possibility to target publics from all over the globe, aided by instantaneity of communication patterns, as well as the acknowledgement that they have been given a voice. In these settings, diplomacy and statecraft, including the practice of public diplomacy [JB emphasis] has been a gradual process facilitating the articulation of narratives legitimising the stability of, and the promises of, the liberal world order. This is no longer the case.
Paradoxically, uncertainty has amplified since the beginning of the 21st century due to the unprecedented rhythm of simultaneous political changes on multiple levels. In international politics, a variety of non-state actors (TNCs, media conglomerates, digital media technology organisations, global social movements) have come to be active and engage with issues considered to be exclusively governments’ affairs. At the same time, the established world order is challenged by the rise of China and Russia, and major protest movements such as the Arab Spring. In domestic political theaters, the personalisation of politics, the anti-establishment sentiments, populism and nationalisms have emerged and entered the diplomatic realm, reconfiguring the relationships between actors and traditional allies: in the US, the unforeseen victory of Donald Trump and its controversial foreign policy actions (e.g. the travel ban, the immigration order, the new “friendly” relations with Russia and China, etc.) have disrupted previous norms, rituals and even values of American diplomacy (most recently at the NATO summit in July 2018); in Europe, the rise of populism and the right-wing parties culminated with Brexit and the questioning of the European Union’s future. The EU seems to struggle to keep up with political differences, especially economic development between the “old” Western Europe and the “new” members, while it fails to contend with the rise of authoritarianism in Hungary and Poland. In the Middle East, the political upheavals and conflicts of recent years have also lead to paralysis in global institutions with the UN unable to address the Syrian Civil War or the gradual establishment of an autocratic regime in Turkey. In addition, transnational migration and crises (e.g. the refugee crisis in Europe) or highly disruptive events such as the terrorist attacks across Europe have fuelled heavily this climate of increased instability and political extremism. Further, digital media technology and social media platforms have facilitated the propagation of ‘fake news’ and disinformation, ironically “helped” by the eagerness of states to instrumentalise statecraft practices.
It is in these times of uncertainty that we propose a rethink of public diplomacy as fields of study and practice. The past two decades have seen increased interest in the study of public diplomacy, with a focus on the emergence of non-state actors, the accelerated digitalisation, the need for continuous professionalisation of diplomacy and for better tools to execute, measure and evaluate public diplomacy. The role of public diplomacy activities that can bridge differences between societies, nations and governments in an age of rage, societal tensions and dis-engagement has also been discussed. As a practice, public diplomacy is no longer the prerogative of affluent countries. From Lima to Vladivostok, and Reykjavik to Cape Town, new actors are increasingly practicing public diplomacy. Thus, there is a need to substantially and geographically diversify the actors that are investigated by public diplomacy scholars. In addition, digital media technologies are disrupting both the practice and study of public diplomacy: big data, sentiment analysis and even bots are being used by nations to foster, or undermine, relationships while scholars are utilizing such tools as new means to evaluate public diplomacy activities. It is therefore also necessary to explore how innovative technologies can inform the avenues of the public diplomacy practice and the enquiry of this field. Lastly, scholars have called for more inter- and multi-disciplinary approaches in analysis of public diplomacy to account for the complex changes in the field.
Addressing these developments, this volume invites reflection around these key questions, aiming to explore the state of public diplomacy in times of uncertainty:
RQ.1. How does the practice of public diplomacy compare across different political regimes?
RQ.2. How do transnational political trends shape the practice of public diplomacy?
RQ.3. What are policy and institutional trends underpinning the adaption of public diplomacy?
RQ. 4. How are the challenges of digitalisation in public diplomacy addressed by political actors?
RQ.5. How do professional identities of public diplomats shift and what drives their re-invention?
Description of Volume
The aim of this edited volume is to bring together perspectives and areas in public diplomacy that are under-explored. We therefore welcome chapters that discuss: new issues in public diplomacy such as populism, strategic disinformation, global protests, activism & social movements, diaspora; complex methodologies; public diplomacy practices in countries from geographical areas insufficiently covered/ underrepresented in public diplomacy literature (e.g. South America, Africa, Middle East, or Asia).
Editors:
Dr. Alina Dolea, Bournemouth University, edolea@bournemouth.ac.uk
Dr. Pawel Surowiec, Bournemouth University, psurowiec@bournemouth.ac.uk
Ilan Manor, Oxford University, ilan.manor@stx.ox.ac.uk
Submission Guidelines
Interested authors should send an abstract of 500 words and a short bio (author name, affiliation, contact details) to the editors. Proposals should include: provisional chapter title, the area or perspective on public diplomacy that the chapter aims to cover, the main thesis/contribution of the chapter to public diplomacy theory and/or practice, methodologies, and up to 10 key words.
Indicative Timeline:
17 September, 2018 – abstract submitted to editors
Early October 2018 – authors notified of editors’ decision
28 February, 2019 – submission of first draft of full chapters
April, 2019 – feedback to authors
June, 2019 – final draft due
End of 2019 – complete manuscript delivered to publisher
Publication of the book in 2020
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